L401 – Rio Curua / Royal King Alenquer Pleco
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$79.99

5 in stock

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Elevate your aquarium with the regal beauty of the L401 Rio Curua Pleco (Hypancistrus sp.), also known as the Royal King Alenquer Pleco. This exquisite species, native to the Rio Curua in Brazil, features intricate black and white patterns that make it a true standout in any tank. Known for its manageable size, peaceful temperament, and unique behaviors, the L401 is an excellent addition for aquarists who appreciate both elegance and functionality in their aquatic setups.


Care Guide:

Scientific Name: Hypancistrus sp. (L401)
Common Names: Rio Curua Pleco, Royal King Alenquer Pleco
Family: Loricariidae
Origin: Found in the fast-flowing Rio Curua and tributaries in Brazil.
Max Size: 5″


1. Water Parameters:

  • Temperature: 78°F to 86°F (25°C to 30°C)
  • pH Range: 6.0 to 7.5
  • Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard (4-12 dGH)
  • Water Flow and Oxygenation: Prefers moderate to strong water flow and high oxygen levels.

Note: Stable water conditions are critical for their health. Use a robust filtration system to mimic their natural riverine habitat.


2. Tank Setup:

  • Minimum Tank Size: 30 gallons for a single adult or small group.
  • Substrate: Fine sand or smooth gravel to protect their delicate undersides.
  • Decor: Driftwood, caves, and rocks should be used to create plenty of hiding spots. Include smooth surfaces for resting and areas that mimic natural crevices.
  • Lighting: Moderate lighting with shaded areas for a natural feel.
  • Plants: While not essential, hardy plants like Anubias, Java Fern, or Cryptocoryne can add to the aesthetic and create a more comfortable environment.

Tip: Provide multiple caves or hiding spaces to reduce territorial disputes, especially if housing more than one L401.


3. Feeding:

The L401 Rio Curua Pleco is an omnivore but leans towards protein-rich foods.

  • Primary Diet: Sinking carnivore or omnivore pellets.
  • Supplementary Foods: Frozen or live foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, or daphnia.
  • Occasional Treats: Blanched vegetables like zucchini, cucumber, and spinach.
  • Feeding Schedule: Feed once or twice daily, ensuring they have enough food to forage without overfeeding.

Note: Unlike some pleco species, the L401 is not primarily an algae eater, so protein-based foods are essential for their diet.


4. Tank Mates:

L401 Plecos are peaceful and thrive in a community tank with similarly sized and tempered fish.

  • Compatible Tank Mates: Small to medium-sized peaceful species such as tetras, rasboras, and dwarf cichlids. Other bottom-dwelling species like Corydoras can also be suitable.
  • Tank Mate Cautions: Avoid large or aggressive fish that might outcompete them for food or intimidate them.

5. Behavior and Temperament:

  • Activity Level: Primarily nocturnal but may become active during the day in a comfortable and well-established tank.
  • Social Behavior: Generally peaceful, though males may become territorial with other males, especially during breeding.
  • Special Notes: They are shy and prefer to spend their time hiding or resting in shaded areas, emerging to forage when they feel secure.

6. Breeding:

Breeding the L401 in captivity is achievable with the right conditions.

  • Breeding Setup: Use a dedicated breeding tank with soft, slightly acidic water and multiple cave-like structures for males to use as breeding sites.
  • Triggering Breeding: Perform frequent water changes with cooler water to simulate the rainy season, and feed a high-protein diet to encourage spawning.
  • Egg Care: Males will guard the eggs and fry. Ensure minimal disturbance during this period.

Health and Maintenance:

L401 Plecos are hardy but require pristine water quality to thrive.

  • Maintenance: Perform weekly water changes of 20-30% and maintain strong filtration to prevent the buildup of waste.
  • Common Issues: Poor water conditions can lead to stress and susceptibility to illnesses. Ensure stable parameters and proper tank hygiene to prevent health problems.

Key Care Tips:

  • Maintain strong water flow and high oxygenation.
  • Offer a diet rich in protein, supplemented with occasional vegetables.
  • Provide plenty of hiding spots to promote natural behaviors and reduce stress.
  • Keep water parameters stable to mimic their natural habitat.

With its striking patterns and gentle demeanor, the L401 Rio Curua Pleco will bring elegance and personality to your aquarium. Ideal for aquarists seeking a unique and manageable pleco species, the Royal King Alenquer Pleco is sure to be a prized addition to any collection!

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